阿奇霉素序贯给药辅助治疗小儿大叶性肺炎的效果及对患儿血清炎症因子水平的影响

目的探讨阿奇霉素序贯给药辅助治疗小儿大叶性肺炎的效果及对患儿血清炎症因子水平的影响。方法回顾性分析我院2014年10月至2019年10月收治的120例大叶性肺炎患儿的临床资料,根据治疗方式的不同将其分为对照组(60例,阿奇霉素静脉滴注治疗)和观察组(60例,阿奇霉素序贯给药治疗)。比较两组的治疗效果、不良反应情况、血清炎症因子及肺功能指标水平。结果观察组的治疗总有效率显著高于对照组,不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的TNF-α、PCT、IFN-γ、TM水平均降低,FVC、TLC、Cdyn水平均升高,且观察组显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论阿奇霉素序贯给药辅助治疗小儿大叶性肺炎的效果显著,可有效改善患儿血清炎症因子水平和肺功能指标水平,降低不良反应发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

Patients Are Knowledge Workers in the Clinical Information Space

Background  Limited research exists on patient knowledge/cognition or “getting inside patients'' heads.” Because patients possess unique and privileged knowledge, clinicians need this information to make patient-centered and coordinated treatment planning decisions. To achieve patient-centered care, we characterize patient knowledge and contributions to the clinical information space. Methods and Objectives  In a theoretical overview, we explore the relevance of patient knowledge to care provision, apply historical perspectives of knowledge acquisition to patient knowledge, propose a representation of patient knowledge types across the continuum of care, and include illustrative vignettes about Mr. Jones. We highlight how the field of human factors (a core competency of health informatics) provides a perspective and methods for eliciting and characterizing patient knowledge. Conclusion  Patients play a vital role in the clinical information space by possessing and sharing unique knowledge relevant to the clinical picture. Without a patient''s contributions, the clinical picture of the patient is incomplete. A human factors perspective informs patient-centered care and health information technology solutions to support clinical information sharing.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者血清甲状腺功能指标变化及其影响因素

目的:探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者,血清甲状腺功能指标变化情况,以及相关影响因素。方法:选取2017年6月至2020年6月江门市第二人民医院收治的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者60例作为研究对象,根据患者的病情,将其分为轻度组(n=20)、中度组(n=21)和重度组(n=19),同时选取非阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者25例作为对照组,了解每组患者的血清甲状腺功能指标情况。结果:中度、重度非阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的BMI、TSH等指标,明显高于轻度组与对照组。结论:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的间歇性缺氧可导致甲状腺激素水平下降。     

AKI Treated with Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19

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Older polytrauma: Mortality and complications

IntroductionOlder adults enduring a polytrauma have an increased mortality risk. Apart from age, the role of other predisposing factors on mortality are mainly described for the total polytrauma population. This study aimed to describe the mortality pattern of older polytrauma patients, its associated risk factors, and the role and etiology of in-hospital complications.MethodsAn eight-year retrospective cohort was constructed from 380 polytrauma patients aged ≥65 in a Dutch level 1 trauma center and linked to the national trauma database (DTR). Demographics, injury characteristics, comorbidity, clinical characteristics, in-hospital mortality, mortality etiology and complications scored according to the Clavien-Dindo classification were analyzed. Primary outcome was the identification of risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality, followed by identification of in-hospital complications and their nature.ResultsOverall in-hospital mortality was 36.3%, rising significantly with age. For patients aged ≥85 in-hospital mortality was 60.8%. Polytrauma patients aged ≥75 showed a peak of late-onset deaths one week following trauma. Age, a Glasgow coma score ≤8, coagulopathy, acidosis, injury severity score and the presence of a large subdural hematoma were significant risk factors influencing in-hospital mortality. Respiratory failure was the most prevalent severe and fatal complication. The proportion of fatal complications grew significantly with age (p < 0.01).ConclusionsAge is strongly associated with in-hospital mortality in polytraumatized elderly. Coagulopathy, acidosis, a low Glasgow coma score, presence of a large subdural hematoma and injury severity score were independently of age associated with an increased mortality. Patients older than 75 years showed a unique trimodal distribution of mortality with a late onset one week following the initial trauma. Elderly were more susceptible for fatal complications. Respiratory failure was the most prevalent severe and fatal complication. Aggressive monitoring and treatment of the pulmonary status is therefore of utmost importance.